or placebo o relative to sham instrumented control hearts at top metformin blood sugar reduction left panel, top right and min bottom left panel mean lvdp of hearts metformin blood sugar reduction from to min of reperfusion are shown in the bottom right panel tetrazolium chloride stained heart slices showed that hearts treated with csil at , and metformin blood sugar reduction min had similar injury as that of the sham operated hearts � , � and � , and � respectively p � ns the infarct size of hearts metformin blood sugar reduction treated with csil even at min of global ischemia was � of the metformin blood sugar reduction ventricles this was significantly smaller than its corresponding control p , whereas hearts treated with control iggl at , and min of global ischemia were � , � metformin blood sugar reduction and � respectively fig , left panel the corresponding nitroblue tetrazolium chloride stained heart metformin blood sugar reduction slices are shown in fig , right panel another parameter of myocardial injury that was determined was mitochondrial size although mitochondrial swelling is a hallmark of metformin blood sugar reduction ischemic injury, irreversible injury cannot be directly extrapolated from just observation of mitochondrial metformin blood sugar reduction size nevertheless, in view of the myocardial functional and his tochemical evidences, mitochondrial metformin blood sugar reduction size assessment from transmission electron micrographs add additional support for myocardial preservation metformin blood sugar reduction in csil treated hearts, relative to iggl or placebo treated hearts figure shows metformin blood sugar reduction the comparison of fig mean infarct sizes of rat hearts treated with csil metformin blood sugar reduction or iggl or placebo at and min of global ischemia left panel metformin blood sugar reduction the corresponding nitroblue tetrazolium chloride stained mid slices of rat hearts treated with csil or iggl at , and min of global ischemia minimal injury was seen in and min csil treated hearts, but injury was evident in the min csil treated heart slice injury is evident in all heart slices treated metformin blood sugar reduction with iggl right panel, bottom two rows �i i normal cut csil csil csejo igsl tg& iflsi placebo v fig mean mitochondrial size of normal, csil, metformin blood sugar reduction iggl or placebo treated hearts treatment was as indicated in the text mitochondrial size of normal hearts, csil treatment at and min of global ischemia, as well as iggl treated hearts at , and min of global ischemia and with placebo no difference in mitochondrial size was observed between normal myocardium � metformin blood sugar reduction mean number of pixels � sem and myocardium treated at and min of global ischemia � , � , � and � respectively p = ns however, metformin blood sugar reduction mitochondria of hearts treated with iggl at , and min of global ischemia or placebo � , � , � and � respectively were larger than mitochondria of csil treated hearts p these studies showed that myocardial viability preservation is not restricted to embryonic cardiocytes in cultures adult hearts are also amenable to structural metformin blood sugar reduction and functional preservation, following cell membrane lesion sealing in a timedependent manner during metformin blood sugar reduction ischemia this method of cell membrane lesion sealing has also been reported to preserve the integrity of vascular endothelium with antiactinimmunoliposomes a question that remains metformin blood sugar reduction concerning the utility of csil is whether immunoliposomes can retain the protective functions metformin blood sugar reduction in the presence of plasma proteins in vivo, since experiments have demonstrated that metformin blood sugar reduction cells in culture and adult hearts perfused with nonprotein oxygenated buffer were metformin blood sugar reduction prevented from undergoing myocardial necrosis, following cell membrane lesion sealing intervention with cytoskeletal metformin blood sugar reduction antigen specific immunoliposomes to demonstrate that cell membrane lesion sealing also occur in vivo, rabbits with experimental myocardial infarction were used in this study, rabbits were injected with antimyosin csil, plain liposomes or saline at the time of left circumflex coronary artery occlusion by intracoronary infusion the occlusion was kept for metformin blood sugar reduction min followed by hrs of reperfusion the hearts were excised, sliced into � metformin blood sugar reduction slices parallel to the short axis and stained with nitroblue tetrazolium chloride metformin blood sugar reduction the infarct was approximately to of the infarcts of the control plain liposome or saline treated rabbit hearts subsequently, comparison to iggliposome treated hearts with acute metformin blood sugar reduction myocardial infarction demonstrated that the csil treatment resulted in significantly smaller infarct size, as was observed in comparison to plain liposome or saline treated hearts metformin blood sugar reduction thus, cytoskeletalantigen specific immunoliposomes, consisting of antimyosin or antiactinimmunoliposomes, were demonstrated to be able to preserve cell viability and integrity its potential utility in the cardiovascular system would be enhanced once its efficacy following intravenous delivery has been metformin blood sugar reduction demonstrated however, the study of asahi et al showed that intravenous delivery of metformin blood sugar reduction the antiactin immunoliposomes enabled preservation of the integrity of the endothelial cells seroquel and malignant neuroleptic syndrome of metformin blood sugar reduction the cerebral vessels csil as targeted gene or drug delivery due to the metformin blood sugar reduction proposed mechanism of cell membrane lesion sealing, we also proposed that if drugs or gene constructs were to be included in the immunoliposomes such as csils, then these drugs or gene constructs should be delivered directly into the metformin blood sugar reduction cytoplasm fig this route should bypass the endocytic route of drugs or metformin blood sugar reduction gene construct delivery, thereby reducing destruction of the delivered cargo by the lysosomal enzymes, after formation of endolysosomes using silver grains as model fig transmission electron micrographs of embryonic cardiocyte treated with silver grains impregnated csil left and plain metformin blood sugar reduction liposome impregnated with silver grains right � = jim drugs, we demonstrated that these drugs can be delivered directly into the cytoplasm of hypoxic cardiocytes metformin blood sugar reduction treated with silver grains loaded csils figure left shows a transmission electron micrograph of a cardiocyte treated with silver grains impregnated csils silver grains in metformin blood sugar reduction groups of concentration at about nm were observed however, in cells treated with silver grains impregnated plain liposomes, very few cells were viable of one such cell detected by transmission electron microscopy, the silver grains were observed in the metformin blood sugar reduction extracellular space [fig right] fig diagrammatic representation of delivery of intraliposomally entrapped metformin blood sugar reduction genetic construct or drugs directly into the cytoplasm of target cell nmuin ftivoih metformin blood sugar reduction wiiit mi ��� when the silver grains were replaced with genetic constructs, pgl metformin blood sugar reduction and psv gal vectors, hypoxic cardiocytes treated with csil impregnated with either vectors metformin blood sugar reduction showed luciferase activity or bacterial jgalactosidase activity the successful transfection of the metformin blood sugar reduction hypoxic cardiocytes with pgl, a vector for firefly luciferase enzyme � � fig metformin blood sugar reduction relative light units of luciferase activity of cardiocytes treated with various preparations and metformin blood sugar reduction controls in csils is shown in fig as relative light units rlus metformin blood sugar reduction rlus were determined by the use of a luminometer as can be seen, only hypoxic cardiocytes treated with pglcsils showed increased rlus significantly above normal cells with treatment with no vectors similarly, normoxic cardiocytes treated with pglcsil, hypoxic cardiocytes and normoxic cardiocytes treated with plain liposomes, or with only vectors, showed metformin blood sugar reduction no significant gene transcription and expression when hypoxic cardiocytes were treated with csil metformin blood sugar reduction with entrapped psvgal vectors, almost all cells in the field of view under metformin blood sugar reduction light microscopy exhibited bacterial �galactosidase enzyme activity, following reaction with xgal bromo metformin blood sugar reduction chloroindolylbetadgalactopyranoside, nm mgcl,mm iqfetcn h, mm kfecn in phosphate buffered saline ph metformin blood sugar reduction [fig a] when this mode of gene expression was compared with transfection of metformin blood sugar reduction psvjgal vector with cationic liposomes, cationic liposome transfection according to the manufacturers protocol resulted in transfection of only a few cells per field of view metformin blood sugar reduction [fig b], in this micrograph, two cells with intense ��galactosidase activity were observed quantitation of the number of cells in the field of view that was metformin blood sugar reduction successfully trans fected with psvjgal vector in csil, cationic liposome, iggliposomes, plain liposome and vector alone are shown in fig c only csil and cationic metformin blood sugar reduction transfection showed gene expression csiltransfection or csilfection was more than times more efficient metformin blood sugar reduction in transfecting cells than cationic liposomes although the intensity of gene expression was metformin blood sugar reduction low with csilfection, using the initial vector concentration of xg of vectors in mg lipids in ml, when the vector concentration was increased to � metformin blood sugar reduction zg, also in mg lipids in ml, the intensity of gene transfection was metformin blood sugar reduction increased [fig d], this study showed that approximately x xg ��� � m t� !
22.09.2011 в 22:17:35 Del rev.